The following would be a shortened version of the given IPv6 address: To shorten it, we can use the second rule to eliminate unnecessary 0s. Ipv6 address types full#Reading a full IPv6 address, however, will take a very long time. In this example, first four hextets of this IP address will remain consistent at all times due to /64 mask - that means the beginning of IP address 2001:0db8:3c4d:0015 won't change. In every other hextet (every 4 digits in the IPv6 address) it is allowed to remove leading 0s by simply leaving a x:0:y between the entire IP address This can be used as many times as needed in any IPv6 address.įor example, the following is a random public IPv6 address with a /64 mask in full form (expanded):. This abbreviation can only be used once per any single IPv6 address! This is the biggest possible abbreviation in any given IPv6 address. Find the longest string of consecutive hextets (every 4 digits in the IPv6 address, separated by colon " :" sign) with a value of " 0" and replace it with double colon " ::".There are two basic rules that must be followed when abbreviating IPv6 addresses To read more about the design of IPv6 header and how it works, please refer to the IPv6 protocol RFC. There are many other differences between the IPv4 and IPv6 headers which won't be discussed or mentioned here. The only type of extension header that must be processed by every single network device in the path is the "Hop-by-Hop" options header, which must always be the first one after the main IPv6 header. Most extension headers will be processed only by the destination node which results in optimization and efficiency of overall packet processing due to devices in the middle of the packet path not having to process extra information. However, in IPv6 case, the extension header is implemented past the fixed header. There is an extension header for IPv6, which is similar to the "Options" field in the IPv4 header. On the other hand, the size of main IPv6 header is constant - it will always remain at 40 bytes. Due to variation in size, networking devices may require additional processing power for the when receiving and sending packets. IPv4 header varies in byte size - it begins from 20 bytes (5 x 32 = 160 bits) and can go up all the way to 60 bytes (15 x 32 = 480 bits). The biggest differences between the IPv4 and IPv6 headers are the byte size and simplified designed of the header overall. However, while this IP address pool massive in theory, much like the IPv4, the IPv6 addressing has some notable rules and nuances that must be accounted for before implementing the newer IP standard. This is especially relevant to the growing IoT industry as some of the devices require their own individual IP addresses to become reachable directly via the internet. This amount of available addresses means that any device can have at least a single public IP address. Some of these addresses are already reserved for internal or special use-cases. In theory, the total IPv4 address pool contains 2 32=4,294,967,296. While both IPv4 and IPv6 address pools are finite, IPv6 has an extremely large amount of available total addresses compared to IPv4. IP version 6 defines the exact same features and functions as IPv4, but the way IP version 6 is implemented differs from IP version 4. Due to exhaustion of IPv4 addresses, it's becoming a common practice to configure routers, servers, standalone computers, IoT devices and many other appliances using IPv6 address pool.
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